1. Relative Reference

A relative reference changes when you copy the formula to another cell.

It’s written as just the cell name, like A1.

Copy of Copy of Copy of class Car def init(self, brand, model) self.brand = brand self.model = model (5).png

2. Absolute Reference

An absolute reference doesn’t change, no matter where you copy the formula.

It’s written with dollar signs before the column and row, like $A$1.

Copy of Copy of Copy of class Car def init(self, brand, model) self.brand = brand self.model = model (6).png

3. Mixed Reference

A mixed reference locks either the row or the column, not both.

It’s written as $A1 (locks column only) or A$1 (locks row only).

locks column-

Copy of Copy of Copy of class Car def init(self, brand, model) self.brand = brand self.model = model (7).png

locks row-

Copy of Copy of Copy of class Car def init(self, brand, model) self.brand = brand self.model = model (8).png

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